The frontlines of aging and longevity research.
In a yearlong effectiveness trial, NMN was administered to mice, with the outcomes indicating that, compared to ordinary mice, it helped reduce the effects of weight gain in middle age, curb decreased energy metabolism from age, curb decreased bone density, and curb decreased ocular function, among other types of organ degradation.
In addition, it has been found to be beneficial against other ailments such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, heart failure, kidney failure, and more.
In other words, these findings demonstrated the clear anti-aging effects of NMN.
In addition, it has been found to be beneficial against other ailments such as diabetes, Alzheimer's disease, heart failure, kidney failure, and more.
In other words, these findings demonstrated the clear anti-aging effects of NMN.
Ailments in which sirtuins are implicated
Cell Metab. 2018 Mar 6;27(3):529-547.
Sirtuin family functionality and diseases
Molecular name |
Localization site |
Function |
Related diseases |
|---|---|---|---|
SIRT 1 |
Nuclei, cytoplasm |
Glucose metabolism, fat oxidation, circadian rhythms, inflammatory diseases |
Diabetes, dementia, lifespan |
SIRT 2 |
Nuclei, cytoplasm |
Cell growth inhibition, DNA damage, inflammatory diseases |
Cancer, inflammatory diseases, heart disease, lifespan |
SIRT 3 |
Mitochondria |
Energy (ATP) synthesis, citric acid circuit, electron transport chain, oxidative phosphorylation, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, protein metabolism, reactive oxygen species (ROS), mitochondrial quality control |
Heart disease, neurodegenerative disease, acute nephritis, cancer |
SIRT 4 |
Mitochondria |
Amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, citric acid circuit |
Cancer, obesity |
SIRT 5 |
Mitochondria |
Lipid metabolism, glycolysis, free radicals, urea cycle |
Cancer, heart disease |
SIRT 6 |
Nuclei |
Genome stability, telomere and centromere control, DNA repair, glucose metabolism, lipid metabolism |
Cancer, inflammatory diseases, heart disease, lifespan |
SIRT 7 |
Nuclei |
Ribosome biosynthesis, cell stress response |
Metabolic disease, cancer, lifespan |
Introductory Review on Sirtuins in Biology, Aging, and Disease,1st Edition. 2018 Academic Press.
Curb the effects of aging by
consuming NMN on a daily basis
NMN is found in breast milk and vegetables with high beta-carotene, such as broccoli, avocadoes, and green soybeans. However, the quantity found in these foods is extremely minimal. NMN is converted into NAD in the body, but this gradually decreases with age. In our late 50s, its quantity is nearly half of what it once was, and continues to decline thereafter. As a result, it becomes impossible to supplement it with food alone. Therefore, consuming NMN like a supplement is a means of curbing the onset of aging.
NMN content in food
Food |
NMN content mg/kg-food |
Food weight (kg/250mg) *-NMN |
How much should you consume to obtain 250mg* equivalent of NMN? |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Edamame (green soybeans) |
5 - 19 |
14 - 54 |
20,000 pieces |
3g/bean Bean: pod = 1:1 weight |
Broccoli |
3 - 11 |
22 - 100 |
4,000 pieces |
350g/bunch 25g/piece |
Cucumber (seed) |
6 |
44 |
- |
140g /cucumber |
Cucumber (skin) |
7 |
38 |
- |
140g /cucumber |
Cabbage |
0 - 9 |
0 - 28 |
28 pieces |
1kg/piece |
Avocado |
4 - 16 |
16 - 70 |
600 avocados |
170g/piece 120g (edible portion)/piece |
Tomatoes |
3 |
84 - 96 |
600 tomatoes |
150g/piece |
Mushrooms |
0 - 10 |
0 - 24 |
2,000 mushrooms |
12g/piece |
Beef (raw) |
1 - 4 |
60 - 416 |
2,000 steaks |
150g/steak |
Shrimp |
2 |
114 |
10,000 shrimp |
10g/piece |
*Amount currently consumed by humans in clinical studies of NMN
Cell Metab. 2016 Dec 13;24(6):795-806.NMN content in raw milk
Type |
NMN content (μM) in milk |
NMN content (mg/L-milk) |
How much should you consume (in liters) to obtain 250mg* equivalent of NMN? |
Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Human milk |
6.1 |
2.0 |
122 |
- |
Cow milk |
0.9 |
0.3 |
832 |
(not contained in commercially available milk) |
Buffalo milk |
0.0 |
0.0 |
- |
- |
Sheep milk |
0.3 |
0.1 |
2,494 |
- |
Goat milk |
2.1 |
2.1 |
356 |
- |
Donkey milk |
0.4 |
0.1 |
1,870 |
- |
*Amount currently consumed by humans in clinical studies of NMN
Food Chem.2017 Apr 15;221:161-168Mechanisms to suppressing aging and the role of NMN
Here we describe NAD, mitochondria, and sirtuin in order to help you better understand the mechanisms behind suppression of aging and the role played by NMN.
NMN
When consuming NMN through the mouth,
it passes through NMN transporters present on the cell surface and is absorbed into cells,
where it is converted into NAD.
it passes through NMN transporters present on the cell surface and is absorbed into cells,
where it is converted into NAD.
NAD
NAD (nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) can be found in the cells of every living organism,
and is the source of the body's internal metabolism, being used whenever energy is produced.
However, NAD production begins to decrease in the body as we age.
Moreover, research has found that when consumed directly, NAD tends not to reach the cells,
so consuming NMN, a NAD precursor, is a more efficient means of delivering it to the body.
Attention is being drawn to NAD for its potential use in anti-aging using the two methods below.
and is the source of the body's internal metabolism, being used whenever energy is produced.
However, NAD production begins to decrease in the body as we age.
Moreover, research has found that when consumed directly, NAD tends not to reach the cells,
so consuming NMN, a NAD precursor, is a more efficient means of delivering it to the body.
Attention is being drawn to NAD for its potential use in anti-aging using the two methods below.
Synthesis of energy (ATP) in the mitochondria
ATP refers to a source of energy that all living things use to survive. All eukaryotic cells and most archaebacteria and bacteria use NAD to synthesize ATP. NAD is essential to the synthesis of ATP; without it, living organisms die.
Sirtuin (SIRT) activation
The mechanisms behind aging hinge on an enzyme called sirtuin. This may be an unfamiliar term, but it is a protein that exists widely in organisms from bacteria to mammals, and plays a special role in controlling aging and lifespan. Humans possess a class of seven proteins called sirtuins that help control aging of the organs, but these sirtuins are normally dormant. NAD functions as a switch that acts on all seven of these sirtuins. In other words, as NAD declines through aging, the "switch" controlling sirtuins stops functioning, which is believed to contribute to decreased organ and tissue function.
Through NAD upregulation, NMN activates sirtuins to help curb aging.
